Outstanding police-brutality cases were a major discussion point in the 2011 mayoral race. During his run, Michael Hancock called for structural reform within the DPD.
"The people of Denver wanted to see some bold leadership steps within the Denver Police Department to begin to put it back on track," Hancock says today. "I don't believe there's a more sacred bond in public, municipal government than between the police department and the people, and that had clearly been jeopardized by some actions that had been taken and some leadership that had been missing. These are long-term, organizational, culture-changing moves we're attempting to make."
Alex Martinez moved from the Colorado Supreme Court to City Hall.
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Among Hancock's moves after he took office in July 2011: appointing former Colorado Supreme Court justice Alex Martinez to the manager of safety position and hiring Robert White to be the city's new chief of police. And in the six-plus months that they've been on the job, both Martinez and White have made their own hires: Former judge Jess Vigil joined the Office of the Manager of Safety as the new manager of police discipline, and Michael Battista moved up in the DPD to become its conduct review commander. The DPD's Internal Affairs Bureau also has a new top officer: Mary Beth Klee, who has since added twelve investigators.
The change in investigation oversight is only one in a large catalogue that White has instituted since he moved to Denver from Louisville, Kentucky. In February, he began by cutting administrative spots within the department to move seventy officers to the streets, and he has been aggressive about both decentralizing the DPD and bringing civilians in: If a position does not require a gun and a badge, he says, it does not require an officer. The next series of changes within the DPD will be finalized by the end of the year, White says, adding that by then he hopes to end the internal stagnation that resulted from a years-long hiring freeze by offering officers the opportunity to compete for promotions.
Martinez and White have also worked to streamline oversight of the investigations, removing at least four layers of review from each investigation of officer misconduct. Translation: They should be 50 percent faster, White says. Before these changes, every investigation of a DPD officer rotated through a district commander, a division chief, a bureau chief and other officials before landing on the police chief's desk — and then moving on to the manager of safety. Under the revised structure, they now progress from Internal Affairs to Battista to White, then move on to Vigil and Martinez. The benefits of the system are twofold, White says: The department can maintain consistency across investigations of alleged police misconduct while proving competent to manage its own affairs — and hopefully, public perception will adapt to the positive changes and overcome the mistrust that White sees now.
"Officers have a great deal of discretion, and if that discretion is not used in the best interest of the community, it raises a lot of issues about the department, especially in the community," White says. "Many of those issues we will win over, and they'll see that this is a very good, professional police department. And it's getting better."
Under the previous system, review of completed investigations of officers averaged between sixty and ninety days. White and Martinez hope to soon whittle that down to between 30 and 45. "You [were] putting that on someone's desk who has another job," Martinez says. "I can tell you specific examples where it's like, 'Take the file, go home, we'll put someone else on your job. Get it done.' That is over."
Both White and Martinez say they've already seen noticeable improvements in the amount of time it takes to process investigations, and they have completed more than a dozen in the three months since Vigil and Battista came on board. Still, they're mired in a backlog of cases, what White calls a "bottleneck" of older investigations that were slowed by LaCabe's work on the discipline matrix, then reassigned from the previous system to the new one when the department changed over. Last year, 200 formal investigations moved across the manager of safety's desk. They are hopeful that that number will increase this year.
"I am extremely confident that we will do extraordinarily well on the vast majority of cases," Martinez says. "On the really difficult cases, that will be the real test — whether we also move those a lot faster. That's what people will notice, for sure."
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People certainly noticed that Landau's case was going nowhere — fast. The formal investigation into his beating, triggered by the city's settlement in April 2011, was part of that backlog. After meeting with Landau, who had since become involved with the Colorado Progressive Coalition (CPC), a sixteen-year-old social-justice nonprofit that focuses on racial and economic issues, the chief promised that the investigation would be complete this spring. "The civil judgment that was settled left the situation where something doesn't look right," Martinez says. "We settle a case for that much money and there's no discipline in it? It's hard to explain, and a first glance at that is that something's amiss."